In 1789, the
U.S. Congress placed Native American relations within the newly formed War Department. By 1806 the Congress had created a
Superintendent of Indian Trade, or "
Office of Indian Trade" within the War Department, who was charged with maintaining the
United States Government Fur Trade Factory System. The post was held by
Thomas L. McKenney from 1816 until the abolition of the factory system in 1822.